Basic human rights are universal values and legal guarantees that protect individuals and groups against actions and omissions that interfere with fundamental freedoms, entitlements, and human dignity. Some of the basic human rights include:
- The Right to Life – Every human being has the inherent right to life.
- Liberty and Personal Security – Freedom from imprisonment, arrest, or exile without just cause.
- Freedom of Thought, Conscience, and Religion – This right includes freedom to change religion or belief and to manifest one’s religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.
- Freedom of Expression – The right to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers.
- Equality Before the Law – All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination and against any incitement to discrimination.
- The Right to a Fair Trial – Entitlement to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal.
- Freedom from Torture and Degrading Treatment – Protection against torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment.
- The Right to Privacy – Protection against arbitrary interference with one’s privacy, family, home, or correspondence.
- Freedom of Movement – The right to move within the borders of a state and the right to leave any country and return to one’s country.
- The Right to Education – Everyone has the right to education, which should be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages.
These rights are often enshrined in the laws of governments and are codified in international documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).