The Mummers Parade is a unique and colorful New Year’s Day tradition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that dates back to 1901. It is considered the oldest folk festival in the United States and showcases a vibrant mix of music, dance, costumes, and camaraderie. The event reflects Philadelphia’s diverse cultural heritage and is deeply rooted in European, particularly Swedish and English, immigrant traditions.
Key Features of the Parade:
1. Participants
Mummers are members of various clubs, primarily from Philadelphia and the surrounding area. These clubs spend months preparing elaborate costumes, choreographed performances, and music for the parade.
2. Divisions
The parade is divided into five main divisions, each with its own style and flair:
• Comics: Known for their humor and satire, these performers parody current events and social trends.
• Wenches: Groups dressed in dresses and parasols, often accompanied by string bands.
• Fancies: Featuring ornate and intricate costumes, these groups focus on spectacle and pageantry.
• String Bands: Known for their lively music and synchronized performances, they are a highlight of the parade.
• Fancy Brigades: They perform choreographed theatrical productions in elaborate indoor showcases, typically held at the Pennsylvania Convention Center.
3. Costumes and Themes
Costumes are a hallmark of the Mummers Parade, often featuring feathers, sequins, and bold colors. Each group selects a theme for their performance, ranging from whimsical and comedic to dramatic and fantastical.
4. Route
The parade traditionally marches along Broad Street in Philadelphia, from South Philly to City Hall. It draws large crowds who line the streets to enjoy the performances.
5. Competitions and Awards
Groups compete for prizes in various categories, with awards for costumes, music, choreography, and overall presentation. The competition is fierce, and winners earn significant bragging rights.
Historical Roots:
The Mummers Parade evolved from traditions brought by European immigrants in the 17th and 18th centuries. Early settlers celebrated the new year with masquerades, music, and satirical performances. Over time, these customs blended with African American and other cultural influences to create the distinct Philadelphia Mummers tradition.
Controversies and Changes:
The parade has faced criticism in the past for some acts and costumes being culturally insensitive. In recent years, organizers have implemented measures to ensure inclusivity and sensitivity while maintaining the spirit of fun and celebration.
A Philadelphia Icon:
The Mummers Parade is more than just an event—it’s a deeply ingrained part of Philadelphia’s identity. It showcases the city’s creativity, humor, and community spirit, making it a beloved tradition for locals and visitors alike.