2025

Energy surrounds us in abundance — sunlight, wind, rivers — but it only becomes an economic good when harnessed as power. Human progress is the story of mastering denser, more…

Technology is non-material capital — the recipes in our minds that guide production. Unlike physical capital, it does not run into scarcity. Innovation resets productivity, prevents diminishing returns, and drives…

Capital is saved property dedicated to production, not immediate consumption. It lengthens production processes but massively increases productivity. Capital requires sacrifice — saving, risk-taking, maintenance, and foresight — and it…

Property is not optional — it is the only workable solution to scarcity. By clearly assigning ownership, property prevents conflict, enables trade, and sustains civilization. There are three legitimate ways…

Labor is how humans trade time and effort today for better conditions tomorrow. Production relies on reason, turning nature into goods through plans and capital — which always requires foregoing…

Time is the binding constraint on all human action and production. While Earth’s materials are abundant, their availability as resources depends on the time we dedicate to making them useful.…

Value is not in objects — it is in us. Goods are valued according to how they satisfy human needs, and that valuation depends on scarcity and context. Scarcity forces…

Economics begins with human action: individuals acting purposefully to achieve ends with scarce means. Mainstream economics pretends to be physics, but without constants or experiments its formulas are empty. Austrian…

Wow. What’s popping people? It’s Dante.Another beautiful morning. Eager and enthusiastic this morning. Getting ready for the day with my Ricoh GR. If you consistently move your body throughout the…

The Fiat Standard — Lecture 18 (Can Bitcoin Fix This?) • Study Notes Introduction The Nature of Bitcoin as Money Total Addressable Market (TAM) for Bitcoin Threats to Bitcoin 1.…

Conclusion:Bitcoin is worth its costs. Its electricity consumption secures hard money, global settlement, and inflation-proof savings—a bargain compared to the destructive costs of fiat.

This lecture addresses one of the most misunderstood and controversial topics in Bitcoin: its relationship with energy. Ammous argues that Bitcoin mining is not wasteful, but rather the most efficient…

This lecture explores custody, investment, savings evolution, and why Bitcoin likely leads to equity-based banking instead of debt-based banking. In fiat, credit dominates because debt = money creation. In Bitcoin,…

The Fiat Standard — Lecture 14 (Bitcoin Scaling) • Study Notes Overview 1. The Naïve Scaling Approach: Bigger Blocks 2. Why On-Chain Scaling Won’t Happen 3. Market for Scarce Block…

The book is divided into three parts: Chapter 13 opens the third part. It explains how Bitcoin possesses four key properties that directly address fiat’s failures: Conclusion:Bitcoin doesn’t promise utopia.…

Mainstream critiques of Bitcoin often obsess over its energy consumption, comparing it to entire nations. Yet almost no one asks the parallel question: what are the costs of fiat? This…

This lecture examines how the fiat monetary system reshaped global geopolitics, empowering states through reserve-currency arrangements, central banks, and international financial institutions. Fiat states are not simply domestic entities —…

While the 99% are consuming brain rot, delete your Instagram, YouTube app, and all social media. No X, podcasts, no distractions, no email, no news- just pay for media and…

This lecture explores how the fiat monetary system has distorted global energy markets, particularly since the 1970s. Instead of addressing the root cause of rising energy prices — monetary inflation…

This lecture examines how fiat money distorts education and science. Just as fiat money corrupts food production and consumption, it also undermines schools, universities, and the scientific process by centralizing…

Fiat money did not make food scarce — it made nutrients scarce. Industrial farming, subsidies, and dietary guidelines shifted diets from nutrient-dense traditional foods to cheap, addictive, nutrient-poor substitutes. The…